Profile of Francis Horner created by regency sculptor Sir Francis Chantrey is found by volunteers at Livorno cemeteryAmid rampant weeds and crumbling stones, Matteo Giunti makes his way to the tomb of Francis Horner MP, a Scottish Whig who co-founded the Edinburgh Review and died, in 1817, in what he would have known as the prosperous Tuscan port of Leghorn.But, as he reaches the once imposing grave, Giunti stops first at the Nike trainer and plastic bottle that have been left there overnight ? not, presumably, by well-wishers. “This is nothing,” he says. "People throw trash over the walls. We’ve found bicycles. We’ve found wheels. We’ve found all sorts of things."In March last year, as he and fellow volunteer Francesco Ceccarini were scrabbling through the mud and vegetation on the top of Horner’s dilapidated tomb in the city’s old English cemetery, they stumbled on something whose significance was not immediately apparent. A piece of stone, broken into three and caked in dirt, it was barely recognisable. But, after some research and more thought, the penny dropped. They had, Giunti realised, found the long-lost medallion that had once graced the tomb: a profile of Horner in bas relief carved by the foremost sculptor of Regency Britain, Sir Francis Chantrey. “When I understood what it was,” he says, "we decided, ’Wow, this is something ? we need to take it away from here.’"Unveiled on Friday before journalists and locals in the Museo Fattori, the sculpture represents vindication for the five locals who make up the cultural association Livorno delle Nazioni (LdN) and who have fought to reverse the decline of what they describe as Italy’s oldest Protestant cemetery still in existence.With its first marked grave dating from 1646 (a 21-year-old, Leonard Digges), Livorno’s small corner of England has almost two centuries on its counterpart in Florence and is older even than Rome’s. There are merchants and mothers; novelists and navy men; one of Byron’s bankers and a favoured pupil of Mary Wollstonecraft.After wartime bombing and decades of neglect, however, many tombstones lie cracked and dirty. And the cemetery’s aesthetic appeal is marred by the large car park that opened last year next door. The cemetery has been run for decades by the Misericordia, a charity which also runs an ambulance service. In 2011, the LdN was set up to formalise the efforts of Giunti and his fellow volunteers, who have tried to step up the cleaning, gardening and research that is needed if the place is to be returned to its former glory.Now, the LdN hopes that the discovery of the Chantrey could help to attract attention ? and money. “I’m pretty confident that this could be a real treasure. It’s something that just needs more organisation and funding,” says Lisa Lillie, Giunti’s American wife. Among the hundreds of graves are those of Scottish writer Tobias Smollett, Irish aristocrat Margaret King ? taught by Wollstonecraft and friend to her daughter, Mary Shelley ? and the English merchant Robert Bateman. The cemetery was closed in the mid-19th century.What will become of Chantrey’s long-lost work is unclear. It must first be restored, then a decision taken on whether to put it back on Horner’s tomb or in a Livorno museum. “I feel that someone would steal it,” Giunti says, rather despondently. “Even if it’s difficult to sell it.” Italy Europe Scotland Sculpture Art Lizzy Davies guardian.co.uk © 2013 Guardian News and Media Limited or its affiliated companies. All rights reserved. | Use of this content is subject to our Terms & Conditions | More Feeds In night-time Rajasthan, leopards play cat and mouse with humansIn India, the cats chase the dogs. And when they catch them, they eat them. These are Leopards: 21st Century Cats (BBC2). Rom Whitaker, who lives in Tamil Nadu and whose film this is, had his favourite dog, a dirty great German shepherd called Karadi, taken. All they found was bones and a bit of fur.And they don’t just eat the dogs; the leopards eat people, too, more and more of them. In the northern state of Uttarakhand especially, where 70 people a year are killed. One maths teacher got so fed up with having his students eaten ? 12 of them ? that now he’s shot 39 leopards. But it’s not stopping the attacks; when one leopard is killed another one moves in to take its place.In other parts of India, it’s different. Like in Rajasthan, where there are plenty of leopards living close to plenty of people, but no attacks. And, most spectacularly, in the suburbs of Mumbai, where man and big cat have learned to live side by side. I’m never going to get even the tiniest bit excited by a fox in my garden ever again. OK, so when it’s very hot and these people sleep outside, they do put the kids in the middle just to be on the safe side; but you would, if there were leopards, even friendly ones, on the prowl. What do these urban big cats eat? Dogs, of course, of which there are plenty, so no one cares very much. Mmmm, slumdog for tea.It’s shocking ? the footage of attacks, by leopards on people, by people on leopards, and of angry captured animals consumed by murderous hatred. It’s very beautiful, too ? in the hills of Uttarakhand with the snowy peaks of the Himalayas behind. And especially in Rajasthan at night, shot with special cameras so the leopards glow like Ready brek leopards, while trains pass.Whitaker’s conclusions? That the maneaters are manmade, and that tolerance and understanding are the key. BBC2 Sam Wollaston guardian.co.uk © 2013 Guardian News and Media Limited or its affiliated companies. All rights reserved. | Use of this content is subject to our Terms & Conditions | More Feeds This week’s finding that just 18% of presenters are women over 50 doesn’t surprise me ? but it does make me angryI enjoyed my life in news and current affairs, which started at Granada TV in 1974 and ended at the BBC in 2006.I was privileged to have visiting rights in many different worlds. I interviewed every prime minister from Harold Wilson to Tony Blair, was entertained at Chequers and Nos 10 and 11, and over the years had access to people and places most people never have the luck to experience. It meant being paid to read all the papers every morning. Language and clear communication were a passion, as were politics and examining how and where power is exercised. I liked the buzz of the newsroom and I’m a natural (and comfortable) outsider, intrigued by society in all its layers and the eternal difference between what people see as the truth, and what the real truth might be. Appearing on screen wasn’t the bit I enjoyed most but I could do it and felt a calm presentation style was what fitted. Yes, there were bullies and sexual harassment that was, on the whole, not dealt with by the bosses. You fought your own corner, which is not a good management system.I worked hard, I hope did a good job, I made friends, and left voluntarily at 63 to do other things.I was told once by Sir Robin Day that I got my job because “men wanted to sleep with me”. If he was right, were men chosen on the same basis? Did some ageing old-school dame and trusty of Lord Reith secretly lust after David Dimbleby’s youthful body? Or was it that he was already part of a male dynasty with the right connections, Oxbridge education and voice of authority? Have the criteria changed?Forty years ago, attitudes were different, and I and other women were breaking the barriers down. Angela Rippon at the BBC, then me at ITN. The papers had a field day, one comparing our hair and eye colours, ages, bust sizes, heights and so on, and giving us marks out of 100. We met privately and laughed, we thought things were moving forward, although one question on an entrance exam for trainees at Merrill Lynch in 1972 read: “When you meet a woman, what interests you most about her?” The correct answer was “beauty”. Low scores were given to those who answered “intelligence”. I don’t see a great change in parts of the City today.But other barriers have been overcome. Prime minister, supreme court member, leader of the TUC, senior police officers, home secretary, foreign secretary are all jobs filled by talented women in the past few decades.So why are we women, who are 51% of the population, still subject to appalling discrimination? Why are we so absent from the places where power lies and decisions are made? Why aren’t there more women over 50 gracing our screens? Just 18% of presenters at major broadcasters belong to this demographic was the finding of this week’s research. Why aren’t there more women in the cabinet, or being appointed as high court judges or joining the boards of companies? How is it that we’ve had an Equal Pay Act for 40 years and women are still not paid equally for doing the same work as men? How can it be that women are still deemed unemployable because they have babies? Whose babies do they have? Why is it that in these times of austerity, the majority of people who will pay the price of the cuts are women, and poorer women in the regions? Why, when large numbers of women experience violence and rape, are conviction numbers so paltry ?Who in Britain speaks out for women and who takes notice? (Women’s ministers have often been excluded from the cabinet and the job too often has been an “add-on”, bundled in with something else.)Feminists do speak out but they get a bad name and are often dismissed with a barrage of derogatory words, for which there are no male equivalents. Is a man ever referred to as strident, high-pitched, shrill or a battleaxe? There’s a firmly held conviction in our society that women “talk a lot”, often about trivia and gossip. And yet research has shown that men, in many different situations, talk far more than women and expect women to listen.I’m reminded of a full-page headline that was written about me: “Angry Anna hates men.” This is not true, now or ever, but was the result of my having criticised sexist adverts. I got used to being portrayed as a man-hating woman for ever “hitting out” at powerful men. So is this what happens when you step out of the box of femininity?Yes, and too often the degree of bullying involved confines and constrains women. To quote Jeanette Winterson: “Women have become adapters to an environment that doesn’t suit us.” So what are we missing? What would women of the age of John Humphrys (69) or David Dimbleby (74) or David Attenborough (87) bring to our screens?Women of age often (but not always) have wisdom, beauty, tolerance and humour, intelligence, experience, empathy, understanding, are highly qualified and show boundless energy. Even more importantly, they bring another point of view. So why aren’t they being chosen when they want to be? Why has equality of opportunity proved so hard to achieve?Partly because those who do the choosing (not always men) do not see or value those qualities, and partly because society has an obsession with a narrow form of youthful beauty (which doesn’t explain Humphrys et al, but they are deemed to have authority and gravitas often misconstrued as male attributes).Audiences have said they want to see more older women on screen as positive role models, yet despite years of broken promises the BBC has not acted. I hope Tony Hall, the new director general, and his peers in other organisations will see the problem and fix it.All this is not a deficiency in women but in the systems we inhabit, and the change to these systems needs to be for everyone. Men too suffer from harsh, demanding and family-unfriendly work environments, where corporate interests have gained supremacy. For the invisibilty of women over 50 isn’t just a problem of representation on television. It’s far more deep-seated than that. It’s to do with levels of misogyny that lie so deep as to remain unrecognised and as yet not fully explained. It’s the “male-as-norm” with men always in the foreground, thereby relegating women to the slightly out-of-focus background.As to remedies, first we need quotas for women’s advancement in politics, law and business. A company director said to me recently that quotas would lead to mediocrity, but they wouldn’t: the UK is bursting with hidden female talent.Second, we need an independent, high-level public investigation into the place of women in our society, to look into why we are so poorly represented, and so poorly served, with some legally binding recommendations. (I keep being told the next generation will be different, that women will rule the roost. To that I would say: we thought we’d done that in the 60s.)Third, we need more female writers for front-page articles to help change the portrayal of women in the newspapers.Fourth, we need to change the ways we make decisions so power is less centralised and shared more equally. And finally, we need early education about gender and how “equality of opportunity” must mean just that.Oh, and enforcement of existing discrimination laws please.I’m reminded of the bravery of the suffragettes who won us the vote. Women from all classes broke the law by walking down Bond Street breaking windows with hammers and then endured sickening levels of violence in prison.One hundred years ago Ethel Smyth, suffragette and political prisoner , said: “There is something hateful, sickening in this heaping up of art treasures, this sentimentalising over the beautiful, while the desecration and ruin of the bodies of women and little children by lust, disease and poverty are looked upon with indifference.” Gender TV news Television industry BBC ITN The news on TV Television Women Anna Ford guardian.co.uk © 2013 Guardian News and Media Limited or its affiliated companies. All rights reserved. | Use of this content is subject to our Terms & Conditions | More Feeds More than 25,000 people applied for DHP to help cover April rent, compared with 5,700 in same month last yearThe number of people claiming extra handouts from councils to meet housing costs has soared following the introduction of the so-called “bedroom tax”.More than 25,000 people applied for discretionary housing payments (DHP) to help cover their rent in April, compared with 5,700 in the same month last year, according to an analysis of 51 councils by the Independent.The government has substantially increased DHP funding for local authorities to help those most affected by the withdrawal of what ministers call the “spare room subsidy”.A Department of Work and Pensions (DWP) spokesman said officials were “monitoring” the situation to ensure those who needed support received it.The regulations introduced on 1 April led to reductions in housing benefit payments to social tenants assessed to be under-occupying their accommodation.Under new “size criteria”, tenants with one spare bedroom have had a payment reduction of 14% and those deemed to have two or more spare, a reduction of 25%.The Independent reported that in some areas the influx of people seeking help had forced councils to hire extra staff. Birmingham saw the number of DHP claimants rise from 496 in April last year to 2,601 last month, and the city council said many of those hit by the welfare reforms were turning to “last-resort services” such as food banks.Glasgow saw the highest number of claimants of any council in the country, with 5,501 claims for help. PA Bedroom tax Housing benefit Welfare Housing Benefits guardian.co.uk © 2013 Guardian News and Media Limited or its affiliated companies. All rights reserved. | Use of this content is subject to our Terms & Conditions | More Feeds SNP leader accuses Farage of touting obnoxious policies after Ukip leader labels protesters ’fascist scum’ Martin Rowson Senior Tory made remarks in response to question about MPs who voted for EU referendum amendment in Queen’s speechDowning Street is wrestling with a dilemma over how to respond after a close ally of David Cameron was alleged to have described Tory activists as “mad, swivel-eyed loons”.In remarks immediately seized on by Nigel Farage, the Ukip leader, the senior Tory said that the party’s MPs have to rebel against the leadership because they face pressure from hardline associations.Farage, who knows the identity of the Tory, tweeted : "If you are a Conservative supporter who believes in Ukip ideas then your party hates you. Come and join us."The senior Tory made the remarks ? in earshot of journalists ? after being asked about the decision of 116 Tory MPs to defy the prime minister and vote in favour of an amendment regretting the absence of a EU referendum in the Queen’s speech.The Conservative said: "It’s fine. There’s really no problem. The MPs just have to do it because the associations tell them to, and the associations are all mad, swivel-eyed loons."Downing Street faced pressure on Friday evening because the Tory has been well known to the prime minister for many years and is due to play a significant role in the party’s preparations for the general election. The Times, Daily Telegraph, the Daily Mirror, who all reported the remarks and who know the identity of the Tory, declined to name the senior member of the prime minister’s circle.The publication of the remarks, which were made during the week while the prime minister was in the US, is particularly embarrassing for Cameron. They come after No 10 aides expressed fury with Philip Hammond, the defence secretary, who criticised the government for devoting so much time to the gay marriage legislation.Downing Street aides are relaxed about Tory MPs, including ministers, voicing opposition to gay marriage because it is a free vote. But they felt that the defence secretary crossed a line when he criticised No 10 for devoting so much parliamentary time to the issue. This was regarded as a deeply hostile act and fed suspicions that Hammond is looking to become chancellor in a post- Cameron government or even to make a play for the Tory leadership.But No 10 has a more immediate crisis after the name of the Tory who criticised Tory activists was running in Westminster circles on Friday evening. The senior figure is expected to be named on Saturday.Downing Street, which knows the name of the Tory, declined to comment on Friday evening. But Farage is planning to exploit the embarrassment when the Tory is named.The Ukip leader is planning to say: "This person is an excellent recruiting sergeant for Ukip. If constituency chairman or district chairmen of the local Conservative associations feel uncomfortable, now is a good time to leave the party."These comments and Ken Clarke’s description of Ukip as clowns shows the contempt they have. They even hate their own side. There will be a warm pint of bitter awaiting those who come over." Conservatives David Cameron Nigel Farage Nicholas Watt guardian.co.uk © 2013 Guardian News and Media Limited or its affiliated companies. All rights reserved. | Use of this content is subject to our Terms & Conditions | More Feeds The policeman produced a copy of the Guardian, which contained an article I had written about Rhodesian military involvement in MozambiqueTwo Rhodesian policemen gave evidence for the prosecution at my trial in Salisbury nine weeks ago. One produced a copy of the Guardian which, he said, he had bought on holiday in London, and which contained an article I had written about Rhodesian military involvement in Mozambique.The other policeman said that he had been listening to BBC broadcasts and had recorded two of my reports on that same border situation. In both reports I had said that Rhodesian troops and planes were operating across the Mozambique border, and had been doing so for some time. It seemed to me that the prosecution evidence was flimsy. The border operations were well known, both to other journalists and to the guerrillas. But the charges brought against me alleged that by revealing this information I had endangered the security of the country.Mr Jack Fleming, the Rhodesian Secretary for Defence gave evidence to that effect: he said that the Government regarded troop movements on the borders of Rhodesia as top secret, but even his evidence was in places contradictory. Tapes of telephone calls were produced in court. They were recordings of conversations I had had with the authorities when I had refused to disclose the sources of my information, and they were in themselves quite accurate. But a lot of that first trial was taken up with the nuts and bolts of how the authorities had found my reports, and on how I had refused to co-operate in leading them to my informants. I was put in the witness box for some hours ? I cannot remember exactly how many, but the cross-examination was extremely aggressive and at the beginning I was hardly given a pause in which to answer the questions put to me.The Appeal Court procedure was, of course, more restrained. No judge would take kindly to the sort of court procedure that was allowed in the magistrate’s court. But the transcripts of both court hearings, which I now have in London, amount to around half a ream of paper. My next move, now that my wife is in London, will be to begin a libel action against Mr Ian Smith, who has persisted in claiming that I contravened the Official Secrets Act even after my appeal against conviction was upheld on May I. He is said to have made a reference to my guilt during a by-election speech in the low veld area of Rhodesia on May 14.We expect him to publish some kind of apology within the next few days, but otherwise we feel that it is a clear case of libel which we would feel confident of winning, even In the Rhodesian courts.Peter Niesewand was tried in secret and sentenced to two years’ hard labour in 1973 under a section of the Rhodesian Official Secrets Act. He was released after a successful appeal and deported.These archive extracts, compiled by the Guardian’s research and information department, appear online daily at gu.com/fromthearchive Africa guardian.co.uk © 2013 Guardian News and Media Limited or its affiliated companies. All rights reserved. | Use of this content is subject to our Terms & Conditions | More Feeds Normal sudoku rules apply, except the numbers in the cells contained within dotted lines add up to the figures in the corner. No number can be repeated within each shape formed by dotted lines.For a helping hand call our solutions line on 09068 338 228. Calls cost 60p per minute at all times. Service supplied by ATS.Buy the Guardian or subscribe to our Digital Edition to see the completed puzzle. guardian.co.uk © 2013 Guardian News and Media Limited or its affiliated companies. All rights reserved. | Use of this content is subject to our Terms & Conditions | More Feeds Fill the grid so that every row, every column and every 3x3 box contains the numbers 1 to 9.For a helping hand call our solutions line on 09068 338 228. Calls cost 60p per minute at all times. Service supplied by ATS.Buy the next issue of the Guardian or subscribe to our Digital Edition to see the completed puzzle. guardian.co.uk © 2013 Guardian News and Media Limited or its affiliated companies. All rights reserved. | Use of this content is subject to our Terms & Conditions | More Feeds Charity auction of annotated first edition novels gives unprecedented insight into the genesis of classic titles From JK Rowling’s satisfaction at how the game of quidditch “infuriates men” to Ian Rankin’s revelation that he originally planned to kill off Rebus at the climax of the inspector’s very first outing, a ground-breaking charity auction of annotated first editions from 50 major contemporary writers will give unprecedented insight into how the classic titles came to be.Fifty authors including Margaret Atwood, Nadine Gordimer, Philip Pullman, Tom Stoppard and Ian McEwan have each donated a first edition of one of their most famous works, with each book extensively annotated or illustrated by the writer. Taking place on 21 May in aid of English Pen, the auction of the first editions is expected to raise hundreds of thousands of pounds for the writers’ charity.In her edition of Harry Potter and the Philosopher’s Stone ? described as “the definitive copy of any Harry Potter book” by Sotheby’s director of printed books Philip Errington ? as well as telling the familiar story of how she wrote the novel “in snatched hours, in clattering cafes or in the dead of night”, Rowling’s notes also give away the genesis of quidditch."[It] was invented in a small hotel in Manchester after a row with my then boyfriend," she writes. "I had been pondering the things that hold a society together, cause it to congregate and signify its particular character and knew I needed a sport."It infuriates men ? which is quite satisfying given my state of mind when I invented it."The bestselling novelist has annotated 43 pages of the book and provided 22 of her own illustrations, from a sleeping baby Harry on the Dursleys’ door step to a brooding Snape. “The personality of the author leaps from these pages and we are treated to a remarkable insight into her creative genius,” said Errington.Rankin notes in his donated first edition of Knots and Crosses: “I seem to remember I planned to kill Rebus off at the climax; glad now I changed my mind.” The author also criticises the prose he wrote over 30 years ago, in 1987. "My prose these days is a lot leaner. There’s too much of the Eng. Lit. class about some of the writing here."Rankin writes, also underlining his use of the phrase “the manumission of dreams”. "I’d obviously found the word manumission somewhere and was keen to shoehorn it into my book ? no real idea what this phrase means."Julian Barnes, in his copy of his first and most autobiographical novel, Metroland, shows how an author might win literary prizes ? Metroland took the 1981 Somerset Maugham Award for a first novel ? but still struggle to win parental approval. "My father told me he liked the book ? found it funny and liked the dialogue, though he thought the language ’a bit lower deck’."His mother, meanwhile, "liked the reference to her needlework on p13, and thought it ’made some points’; but said she couldn’t get over the bombardment of filth. When friends visited, she would only let them see the cover of the book ? they weren’t allowed to look inside."Barnes was comforted, however, by a letter from Philip Larkin, who said “that he had much enjoyed it, despite his prejudice against novels with people under the age of 21 in them. He added, gloomily, something like, ’but is that what life’s like nowadays?’ This unexpected praise was the most gratifying moment of the strange passage of first publication,” writes Barnes.Nobel laureate Seamus Heaney, annotating his poetry collection Death of a Naturalist, reveals in a note beside the poem At a Potato Digging that “Anthony Thwaite once described me (to my face) as ’laureate of the root vegetable’”. The poet does not know, he also writes, rather poignantly, if his father ever read his poem Follower about how “My father worked with a horse-plough, / His shoulders globed like a full sail strung / between the shafts and the furrow”.Insights into what might have been are given by Stoppard, in his play Rosencrantz and Guildenstern Are Dead. The playwright says he originally “wanted to call the play Exit Rosencrantz and Guildenstern, but for the bad grammar ?”’Exeunt R and G’ I didn’t like as a title, so settled for ’are dead’". Lionel Shriver, meanwhile, reveals that We Need To Talk About Kevin was not originally intended to be written as a series of letters. “Much has been made of Kevin being an ’epistolary novel’. But it was originally written in the second person, not in letters. In order to make the book ’epistolary’ I did little more than add dates, ’Dear Franklin’, and ’Love Eva’,” she says.And Nick Hornby speculates about “how different” his footballing memoir Fever Pitch would be if he were to write it today, "except, of course, I couldn’t write it now, I’m too old ? I’m too old to care about these things as much as I did then. Life and jobs and children and all sorts of things get in the way now. I’m not disowning the book ? I’m very proud of it. I’m just saying that it’s a young man’s book, which is why it worked."All the works from the First Edition, Second Thoughts auction will be on public show at Sotheby’s London galleries on 20 and 21 May, with the auction ? expected to be attended by a mix of private individuals, book dealers and libraries ? taking place on the evening of 21 May."We’ve never done anything like this before and it does feel ground-breaking," said Heather Norman-Söderlind, the deputy director of English Pen. “We are indebted to all the 50 authors who contributed such immense good will to this project.” JK Rowling Harry Potter Nadine Gordimer Margaret Atwood Ian Rankin Tom Stoppard Alison Flood guardian.co.uk © 2013 Guardian News and Media Limited or its affiliated companies. All rights reserved. | Use of this content is subject to our Terms & Conditions | More Feeds